Improved microstructure and mechanical properties of sheet metals in ultrasonic vibration enhanced biaxial stretch forming

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 M.Sc. student,School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology,Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, , Iran

3 cDepartment of Manufacturing, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kashan University, Kashan, Iran

Abstract

Ultrasonic energy is used for applying severe plastic deformation on metal surfaces. In the present work, the effect of ultrasonic vibration on the formability, microhardness and microstructural properties of St14 steel sheet has been investigated. To be precise, a semi-hemispherical-head forming tool had shaped the specimens until the necking started to happen. Conventional as well as the ultrasonic-assisted biaxial stretch forming test has been performed on St14 steel sheets and obtained data has been used to compare the hardness and microstructure of the specimen with and without superimposing the ultrasonic vibration. It was observed that the hardness of the samples which have been shaped by applying ultrasonic vibrations to the tool with an amplitude of 15µm at 20.5 kHz increased significantly in compared with the samples which have been shaped without using ultrasonic vibration, revealing the efficiency of the ultrasonic operation in increasing the hardness.

Highlights

  • An ultrasonic-assisted biaxial stretch forming apparatus is introduced.
  • The average grain sizes of the specimens have decreased significantly.
  • A noticeable enhancement in microhardness of the specimen is obtained.
  • The formability of the deformed specimens are improved noticeably .

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] A. Amanov, I. Cho, Y. Pyoun, C. Lee, I. Park, Micro-dimpled surface by ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification and its tribological effects, Wear, 286 (2012) 136-144.
[2] E. Hall, The deformation and ageing of mild steel: III discussion of results, Proceedings of the Physical Society. Section B, 64 (1951) 747.
[3] S. Bagherzadeh, K. Abrinia, Q. Han, Ultrasonic assisted equal channel angular extrusion (UAE) as a novel hybrid method for continuous production of ultra-fine grained metals, Materials Letters, 169 (2016) 90-94.
[4] F. Blaha, B. Langenecker, Dehnung von zink-kristallen unter ultraschalleinwirkung, Naturwissenschaften, 42 (1955) 556-556.
[5] H. Storck, W. Littmann, J. Wallaschek, M. Mracek, The effect of friction reduction in presence of ultrasonic vibrations and its relevance to travelling wave ultrasonic motors, Ultrasonics, 40 (2002) 379-383.
[6] A. Pak, A. Abdullah, An Approach to Designing a Dual Frequency Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducer, Journal of Stress Analysis, 1 (2017) 43-53.
[7] A. Siddiq, T. El Sayed, Ultrasonic-assisted manufacturing processes: variational model and numerical simulations, Ultrasonics, 52 (2012) 521-529.
[8] A. Eaves, A. Smith, W. Waterhouse, D. Sansome, Review of the application of ultrasonic vibrations to deforming metals, Ultrasonics, 13 (1975) 162-170.
[9] Y. Long, Y.N. Li, J. Sun, I. Ille, J. Li, J. Twiefel, Effects of process parameters on force reduction and temperature variation during ultrasonic assisted incremental sheet forming process, Int J Adv Manuf Technol, 97 (2018) 13-24.
[10] A. Karimi, S. Amini, Steel 7225 surface ultrafine structure and improvement of its mechanical properties using surface nanocrystallization technology by ultrasonic impact, Int J Adv Manuf Technol, 83 (2016) 1127-1134.
[11] S. Bagherzadeh, K. Abrinia, Y. Liu, Q. Han, The effect of combining high-intensity ultrasonic vibration with ECAE process on the process parameters and mechanical properties and microstructure of aluminum 1050, Int J Adv Manuf Technol, 88 (2017) 229-240.
[12] M. Vahdati, R. Mahdavinejad, S. Amini, Investigation of the ultrasonic vibration effect in incremental sheet metal forming process, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 231 (2017) 971-982.
[13] F. Djavanroodi, H. Ahmadian, K. Koohkan, R. Naseri, Ultrasonic assisted-ECAP, Ultrasonics, 53 (2013) 1089-1096.
[14] Y. Liu, Q. Han, L. Hua, C. Xu, Numerical and experimental investigation of upsetting with ultrasonic vibration of pure copper cone tip, Ultrasonics, 53 (2013) 803-807.
[15] Y. Ashida, H. Aoyama, Press forming using ultrasonic vibration, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 187 (2007) 118-122.
[16] J.-C. Hung, C.-C. Lin, Investigations on the material property changes of ultrasonic-vibration assisted aluminum alloy upsetting, Materials & Design, 45 (2013) 412-420.
[17] X. Liu, Y. Osawa, S. Takamori, T. Mukai, Microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 alloy produced with ultrasonic vibration, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 487 (2008) 120-123.
[18] L. Qingmei, Z. Yong, S. Yaoling, Q. Feipeng, Z. Qijie, Influence of ultrasonic vibration on mechanical properties and microstructure of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel, Materials & design, 28 (2007) 1949-1952.
[19] Z. Shao, Q. Le, Z. Zhang, J. Cui, A new method of semi-continuous casting of AZ80 Mg alloy billets by a combination of electromagnetic and ultrasonic fields, Materials & Design, 32 (2011) 4216-4224.
[20] E. Bitzek, P. Gumbsch, Dynamic aspects of dislocation motion: atomistic simulations, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 400 (2005) 40-44.
[21] F. Ahmadi, M. Farzin, M.J.U. Mandegari, Effect of grain size on ultrasonic softening of pure aluminum, Ultrasonics, 63 (2015) 111-117.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics